ElectroMagnetic Theory Concepts & Solved Numericals

1. Define A Uniform Plane Wave. Answer: In an uniform plane wave the electric and magnetic field vectors both lie in a plane and all such planes are parallel to each other. Also the amplitude and phase of vectors E and H are constant over the planes & they are always normal to the direction pf propagation. 2. State Gauss Divergence Theorem. Answer: This theorem states that the net flux of a vector field F over any closed surface S is equal to the volume integral of the divergence of that vector field over the volume enclosed by the surface S . Mathematically it is expressed as: 3. State Stoke’s Theorem. Answer: This theorem states that the line integral of vector field A around the closed curve forming the periphery of any surface S is equal to surface integral of the curl of that vector field taken over surface S bound by the curve forming periphery of the surface. Mathematically it is expressed as: 4. What Do You Understand By Displacement Current...

Circulation of a vector field A around a closed path L is defined as: Mathematically Curl of a vector A is defined as: Where the area Δ S is bounded by the curve L and the unit vector a n is the unit vector normal to the surface. - The direction of the curl is the axis of rotation , as determined by the right hand thumb rule and the magnitude of the curl is the magnitude of rotation. - From the above relation we can define Curl as the maximum circulation per unit area. - The curl of a vector field provides another vector field that indicates rotational sources of the original vector field. - Curl is a measurement of the circulation of vector field A around a particular point. - If there’s a paper boat in a whirlpool, the circulation would be the amount of force that pushed it along as it went in a circle. The more circulation , the more pushing force you have. - Consider a closed loop counter C. The circulation will be positive if a compone...